Embedded Systems, SCADA, and Automation

Embedded systems and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) play a crucial role in automation across warehouses, production facilities, and building management.

1. Embedded Systems in Automation

Embedded systems are dedicated computing devices designed for specific tasks. These are commonly used in IoT sensors, robotic arms, and industrial controllers.

Example: Microcontroller-Based Conveyor System

Below is an example code for an Arduino-based conveyor belt controller.

 
        #include <Servo.h>
        Servo motor;
        int sensorPin = 2;
        void setup() {
            motor.attach(9);
            pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
        }
        void loop() {
            if (digitalRead(sensorPin) == HIGH) {
                motor.write(90);  // Move conveyor
            } else {
                motor.write(0);   // Stop conveyor
            }
        }
        

2. SCADA in Industrial Control

SCADA systems provide real-time monitoring and control of industrial processes using PLCs and HMI interfaces.

SCADA Architecture Diagram

3. Warehouse Automation

Automated warehouses use embedded sensors, RFID, and robotic arms to streamline logistics.

Example: Raspberry Pi-Based RFID Scanner

  
        import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
        from mfrc522 import SimpleMFRC522
        
        reader = SimpleMFRC522()
        
        try:
            print("Scan RFID tag...")
            id, text = reader.read()
            print(f"ID: {id}, Data: {text}")
        finally:
            GPIO.cleanup()
        

4. Smart Building Automation

Building automation involves smart lighting, HVAC, and security systems.

Example: ESP8266-Based IoT Light Control

 
        #include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
        WiFiServer server(80);
        void setup() {
            pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
            WiFi.begin("SSID", "PASSWORD");
            server.begin();
        }
        void loop() {
            WiFiClient client = server.available();
            if (client) {
                digitalWrite(5, HIGH); // Turn on light
            }
        }
        

5. Phase Control for Motor Pump and Conveyance System

Phase control is crucial for regulating power in AC motors used in motor pumps and conveyor systems.

Example: Arduino-Based Phase Control for AC Motor

 
        #include <TimerOne.h>
        #define TRIAC_PIN 9
        #define ZERO_CROSS_PIN 2
        volatile int delayTime = 10; // Adjust for speed control
        
        void zeroCrossISR() {
            delayMicroseconds(delayTime);
            digitalWrite(TRIAC_PIN, HIGH);
            delayMicroseconds(10);
            digitalWrite(TRIAC_PIN, LOW);
        }
        
        void setup() {
            pinMode(TRIAC_PIN, OUTPUT);
            pinMode(ZERO_CROSS_PIN, INPUT);
            attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(ZERO_CROSS_PIN), zeroCrossISR, RISING);
        }
        
        void loop() {
            // Adjust delayTime to control phase angle
        }
        

Conclusion

Automation powered by embedded systems and SCADA improves efficiency and reduces manual intervention in industrial and building management processes.